Da Yin Xiang Jian Fei Tea Researches
Surgical solutions to the problem of massive weight loss
In response to the global rise in obesity, bariatric surgery has become
increasingly more popular and successful.As a result, the demand for
body contouring following massive weight loss is rapidly growing.
Although bariatric procedures may produce impressive weight loss, people
who achieve massive weight loss are often unhappy with the hanging folds
of skin and subcutaneous tissue that remain. This review examines the
nature of the post-bariatric deformity in each body region and briefly
reviews common approaches to their treatment.
The effect of various tea and tea polyphenols on
weight loss and weight maintenance
Foreign Medical Sciences(Section of Medgeography) 2007
Evaluation of several ways for weight loss
2001
The main way of weight loss is diet control, exercise, drug
administration and behavior modification. And each way has its different
content and effect. This paper summarized different content and effect
of these several ways of weight loss.
Treatment and prevention effects of weight loss
on obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Supplemental products used for weight loss.
Lenz TL, Hamilton WR.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy Creighton University
Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. OBJECTIVE: To review the
scientific literature on several dietary supplements and herbal products
commonly promoted for weight loss. DATA SOURCES: Recently published
articles and abstracts identified through PubMed (May 1987-May 2003),
MEDLINE (January 1966-May 2003), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts
(January 1970-May 2003), and Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
(January 1995-May 2003) using the search terms supplement, herbal,
weight loss, obesity, overweight, conjugated linoleic acid, ephedra,
ephedrine, chromium, Garcinia cambogia, hydroxycitric acid, chitosan,
and pyruvate. STUDY SELECTION: Performed manually by the authors. DATA
EXTRACTION: Performed manually by the authors. Only single-agent,
randomized, blinded, controlled studies with sufficient scientific rigor
in overweight or obese subjects were included. DATA SYNTHESIS:
Approximately 50 individual supplemental products and hundreds of
combination products are promoted for weight loss. As a result, much
confusion exists among health care professionals regarding the efficacy
and safety of these products. Results for conjugated linoleic acid were
positive in three clinical studies, with few adverse effects. Ephedra
has been shown to be effective in promoting weight loss, especially when
combined with caffeine, but it has a high adverse effect risk profile.
The data regarding ephedra and ephedra combinations are conflicting, and
many of the studies were poorly designed. Garcinia and chitosan have not
shown much promise for weight loss, but little research has been done.
Pyruvate has consistently shown positive weight loss effects.
CONCLUSION: Overall, herbal products and dietary supplements promoted
for weight loss lack sufficient supporting efficacy and safety data.
More research is needed to draw definitive conclusions. Conjugated
linoleic acid and pyruvate have the best supporting evidence, but larger
and better-controlled trials are needed before pharmacists should
recommend these agents to patients seeking to lose weight.
Inhibition
of fatty acid synthase by polyphenols.
Tian WX.
Department of Biology, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China.
Recently, animal fatty acid synthase (FAS) is reported as a potential
therapeutic target for obesity and cancer. Considerable interest has
been developed in identifying novel inhibitors of the enzyme. It is
found that tea polyphenols inhibit FAS in both reversible and
irreversible manners. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin
gallate (ECG) inhibit FAS with IC(50) values of 52 microM and 42 microM
mainly by reacting on the beta-ketoacyl reductase (KR) domain of FAS.
The inhibitory ability of catechin gallate (CG) is 15 and 12 folds
higher than that of EGCG and ECG. Its major reacting site on FAS is not
KR. All of these irreversibly inactivate FAS on the KR domain with
similar rates. Mulliken population analysis suggests that the positive
charge is distributed on the carbon atom of galloyl ester, and this
carbon becomes more susceptible for a nucleophilic attack. 12 flavonoids
inhibit FAS with IC(50) values ranging from 2 to 112 microM. SAR
analysis shows that the flavonoids containing two hydroxyl groups in B
ring and 5, 7-hydroxyl groups in A ring with C-2, 3 double bond are the
most potent inhibitors. The inhibition kinetics shows that they inhibit
FAS competitively with acetyl CoA and most likely react mainly on acyl
transferase domain. Further studies show that C ring of flavonoids is
not necessary for the inhibition. Resveratrol, phlorizin and NDGA
contain two phenyl rings connected by 2 to 4 atom chains instead of C
ring. Their IC(50) values range from 5 microM to 40 microM. From these
results, a common model for polyphenol inhibitor of FAS is conceived.
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